Substituting Rare or Toxic Metals in Chemistry
Many central chemical technologies and materials rely on rare, expensive or toxic metals such as ruthenium, platinum, palladium or lead. New and sustainable syntheses and processes require new ideas on how to substitute established reactands and methods. Chemical solutions are searched for that replace finite, non-renewable, or environmental harmful elements in all kinds of systems, for example catalysts, fine chemicals, electrolytes, or electrodes.